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locals and globals

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• locals returns a copy of the local namespace, i.e. locals is read-only
• globals returns the actual global namespace, so through globals you can change the global variables

def foo(arg):
    x = 1
    print locals()

foo('lacus')   # {'x': 1, 'arg': 'lacus'}

def bar(arg):   # called as 'bar(3)'
    x = 1
    print locals()   # {'x': 1, 'arg': 3} , i.e. local variables SO FAR
    y = 3
    locals()['x'] = 2
    print "x =", x   # x = 1
    print locals()   # {'y': 3, 'x': 1, 'arg': 3}

z = 7
print "z =", z   # z = 7
bar(3)

For dictionary-based string formatting with locals, see 20091017sprintf.